Comment citer
Résumé
Introduction
Cochlear and vestibular disorders, particularly hearing loss, represent a public health concern in diabetic patients. Several factors may be responsible for this condition, including dyslipidemia (blood lipid imbalance).
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of dyslipidemia on cochleovestibular disorders in diabetic patients attending ENT services at Boyambi Hospital, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Methods
A cross-sectional study with analytical aims was conducted. All subjects underwent a thorough ENT examination to screen for cochleovestibular disorders and assess lipid levels. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 26.0 software.
Results
A total of 179 diabetic patients were included in this study, of whom 145 (81%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus and 34 (19%) had type 1 diabetes. Females were more represented (107; 59.8%). The mean patient age was 53±14 years. Hearing loss was the most common cochlear disorder (93.3%), while vertigo was the most prevalent vestibular disorder (20.7%). The Barany caloric test was abnormal in 12.8% of patients.
Conclusion
Diabetes mellitus characterised by a blood sugar level from 226 mg/dl and a glycated haemoglobin level greater than 7% is correlated with the occurrence of cochleovestibular disorders.
Références
Agrawal, Y., Carey, J. P., Della Santina, C. C., Schubert, M. C., & Minor, L. B. (2009). Disorders of balance and vestibular function in US adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2004. Archives of Internal Medicine, 169(10), 938–944. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.66
Chávez-Delgado, M. E., Vázquez-Granados, I., Rosales-Cortés, M., & Velasco-Rodríguez, D. (2012). Disfunción cócleo-vestibular en pacientes con diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial sistémica y dislipidemia. Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española, 63(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2011.09.001
Fukushima, H., Cureoglu, S., Schachern, P. A., Paparella, M. M., Harada, T., & Oktay, M. F. (2006). Effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on cochlear structure in humans. Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, 132(9), 934–938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.02.004
Gilles, C. (2011). Les dyslipidémies: Dépistage, diagnostic et traitement (2nd ed.). Québec. ISBN: 978-2-923362-18-2
Gioacchinni, F. M., Albera, R., Scarpa, A., & Cassandro, C. (2018). Hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus are related to vestibular organs dysfunction: Truth or suggestion? A literature review. Acta Diabetologica, 55(12), 1201–1207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-018-1183-2
International Diabetes Federation. (2021). IDF diabetes atlas (10th ed.). International Diabetes Federation. https://diabetesatlas.org/atlas/tenth-edition
Jáuregui-Renaud, K., Gutierrez-Marquez, A., Viveros-Rentería, L., Ramos-Toledo, V., & Gómez-Alvarez, F. (2013). Neurotology symptoms at referral to vestibular evaluation. Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, 42, 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/1916-0216-42-55
Katchunga, P., Masumbuko, B., Belma, M., Kashongwe, M. Z., Hermans, M. P., & M’buyamba-Kabangu, J. R. (2012). Age and living in an urban environment are major determinants of diabetes among South Kivu Congolese adults. Diabetes & Metabolism, 38(4), 324–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabet.2012.02.008
Longo-Mbenza, B., Vangu, N. D., Nahimana, D., Mupepe, M. D., Mbungu, F. S., Ekwanzala, F., & Beya, C. (2008). Screen detection and the WHO STEPwise approach to the prevalence and risk factors of arterial hypertension in Kinshasa. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 15(5), 503–508. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJR.0b013e3282f21640
Mitchell, P., Gopinath, B., McMahon, C., & Metal. (2009). Relationship of type 2 diabetes to the prevalence, incidence and progression of age related hearing loss. Diabetic Medicine, 26(5), 483–488. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02710.x
Nagaratnam, N., Mak, J., Phan, T., & Kalouche, H. (2002). Sudden permanent hearing loss following anterior inferior cerebellar artery infarction. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 56(2), 153–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2002.tb11216.x
Organisation mondiale de la Santé. (2016). Rapport mondial sur le diabète. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/254648
Organisation mondiale de la Santé. (2024, February). Surdité et déficience auditive.
Pérez, R., Ziv, E., Freeman, S., Sichel, J. Y., & Sohmer, J. (2001). Vestibular end-organ impairment in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Laryngoscope, 111(1), 110–113. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200101000-00019
Pillay, S., Aldous, C. M., Singh, D., & Pillay, D. (2019). Validation and effect on diabetes control of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) point-of-care setting. South African Medical Journal, 109(2), 112–116. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.v109i2.13447
Puepet, F. H., Agaba, E. K., & Chuhwak. (2003). Some metabolic abnormalities in type 2 diabetic patients in Jos, North Central Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 12(4), 19–27. PMID: 14768192
Risasi Etutu, R. J., Lukusa, M. A., & Motuta, A. C. (2021). Profil épidémiologique, clinique et facteurs de risque de diabète sucré: Cas de l’Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Kinshasa. Congo Research Papers, 1(7), 98–115. https://doi.org/10.59937/AUYE9198
Rozanska-Kudelska, M. (2002). Hearing loss in patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Otolaryngologia Polska, 56(5), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.10.003
Silva, E. M. T., Lima Filho, B. F., Mantello, E. B., Sousa, A. G. P., Diniz Júnior, J., & Gazzola, J. M. (2019). Diseases and symptoms associated with changes in postural balance in diabetics: An integrating literature review. Revista CEFAC, 21(6), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/201921617318
Sun, H., Saeedi, P., Karuranga, S., Pinkepank, M., Ogurtsova, K., Duncan, B. B., et al. (2021). IDF diabetes atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 183, 109119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109119
Thiombiano, L. P., Mbaye, A., Saw, S. A., Ngaide, A. A., Kane, A. B., Diao, M., et al. (2015). Prévalence de la dyslipidémie dans la population rurale de Guéoul (Sénégal). Annales de Cardiologie et d’Angéiologie, 64(6), 389–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ancard.2015.09.045
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.