Need for nurses’ education on pressure ulcer prevention in bedridden patients at the General Reference Hospital, Kinshasa, DRC

Abstract

Introduction

The Provincial General Reference Hospital of Kinshasa, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, continues to face challenges in preventing pressure ulcers among bedridden patients. These wounds compromise not only patient comfort and safety but also reflect the overall quality of nursing care delivered in intensive care settings. Despite the availability of basic prevention guidelines, pressure ulcers remain a frequent issue, particularly in the intensive care unit (ICU), where patients are more vulnerable. Strengthening the capacity of nurses to apply preventive measures is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose

This study aimed to address the following research question: What are the learning needs of ICU nurses in preventing pressure ulcers? Identifying these needs is essential for developing targeted training interventions that are responsive to the realities of ICU nursing practice. The objective was to explore and describe these learning needs in a way that informs practical, context-adapted strategies for enhancing prevention efforts at the hospital level.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with six ICU nurses selected via purposive sampling to ensure relevant experience with bedridden patients. Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically to identify common patterns and expressed needs. This method enabled a rich, contextual understanding of the nurses’ perspectives.

Results

Three main learning needs emerged from the analysis: (1) a clearer understanding of the stages of pressure ulcer development, (2) effective repositioning techniques, and (3) proper use of specialised equipment. Nurses also reported gaps in translating knowledge into consistent practice, primarily due to lack of training. Additionally, they expressed interest in regular, structured sessions to reinforce best practices and update skills. These findings suggest that ongoing training could directly reduce the incidence of preventable ulcers.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, two priority actions are recommended: (1) implementation of monthly in-service training workshops tailored to pressure ulcer prevention, and (2) provision of appropriate repositioning aids to support evidence-based nursing practices. These interventions are expected to strengthen clinical competencies, promote proactive care, and reduce complications associated with immobility—ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and enhanced quality of care.